System of control.



K. A. SIMMON.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL. APPLICATION mm mm. 4. 1916.

1 ,300, 300. Patented Apr. 15, 1919.

Trolley 2L5 WITNESSES 2 INVENTOR F 4 Kar l Afiimmon.

W43. W414) ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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stars]: or common Specification 01' Letters Patent.

Patented Apr; 15, 1919.

Application flied larch 4, 1918. Serial No". 88,100.

To all whom it met concern Be'it'known t at I, KARL A. SIMMON, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of Edgewood Park, ,in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefullmprovement in Systems of Control, of which the following is a specificatidn.

My invention relates to systems of control for electric vehicles and particularly to systems for protecting the motors thereof against abnormally high voltages.

One object of mi invention is to provide a system of the a ove indicated character which shall be relatively simple and economical in construction and reliable and effective in operation.

Another'ob ect of my invention is to provide a control system which shall disconnect the motors thereof from a source of supply when an abnormally high voltage is applied across any of the motor terminals, as, in case the wheels connected toany of the motors shall slip.

A further object of m invention is to provide a controlsystem o the above indicated class having ,means; for disconnecting the motors from the suppl circuit in case of an abnormally hi 'vo tage bein applied acrossvany of t e motor termina s, with a holding circuit for maintaining an open circuit between the supply circuit and the motors until the controller of the system is moved to the off position. 9

In the accompanying drawing illustrating my invention, igure 1 is a lagrammatic view of the motor circuits of a system constructed in accordance with my Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of control cir- 1its forFgoverning the system illustrated in i 1- tro l system illustrated in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4

is a diagrammatic view of the control circuits for the system illustrated in Fig. 3.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawing, namotors 1 and 2 embodying field windings 3 and 4 and armature windings 5 and 6, and 7 and 8, respectively, are adapted to be connected in series with resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 across supply conductors marked Trolley and. Ground. A plurality of unit switches LS, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 are provided for connecting the dynamotors 1 and 2 across the supply circuit for shortv invention;

1g. 3 is a modification of the concircuiting the resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 and. for connecting auxiliary resistors R5 and R6 in a shunt circuit around the dynamotors and 2. A relay 14, which is proylded with an operating coil 1;) and a holdmg coil 16, is a apted to bridge contact terminals 17 and 18 when deenergized and to bridge contact terminals 19 and 20 when energized. One terminal of the holding coil 15 is connected to the motor circuit at a point between the armature windings of the dynamotors 1 and 2, and the other terminal thereof is connected to the shunt circuit around the dynamotors at a point between the auxiliar resistors, R5 and R6. The auxilia resistors R5 and R6 are so roportioned at the voltage drop. throug them is uivalent to the voltage drop through the ynamotors 1 and 2, an when the dynamotors are normally operating, no current will flow through e operating coil 15 of the relay 14. I

In F1 2 of the drawing, a controller MCI, em odying movable contact segments 21 and 21a and contact, fingers 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29, is adapted to complete a circuit from battery. B through contact terminals 17 and 18, relay 14 and the 0011s of the unit switches LS, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 when moved to ositions a, b, sand :1.

Referring to .i'g. 3 of the draw1ng,a plurality of motors 30, 31, 32 and 33, embodyingfield windings 34, 35, 36 and 3 7 and armatures 38, 39, 40 and 41, respectively, are adapted to be connected in series with the resistorsR'f, R8 and R9 across a su ly circuit having conductors marked rolley and Ground. Unit switches LS1, 42, 43, 44 and 45 are provided for connectin inotors 30 to 33, inclusive, across the supp y 011'- cuit, for short circuiting the resistors R7, R8 and R9, and for shunting resistors R10, R11, R12 and R13 aroundthe motors 30 to 33, inclusive. relay 46, which is provided with an operating coil 46a and a holding coil 46?), is adapted to bridge the contact terminals 47 when denergized and to bridge the contact terminals 48 when energized. One

crating coil 52a and a holding provided with an operating coil 49a and a holding winding 4%, is adapted to bridge contact terminals 50 when deinergized and ,to bridge contact terminals 51 when energized. One terminal of the holding coil 49a is connected to the motor circuit at a point between the armatures 39 and 40, and the other terminal thereof is connected to the shunt circuit around the motors at a point between the resistors R11 and R12. A relay 52, which is provided with an opcoil 52b, is adapted to bridge contact terminals 53 when deenergized and to bridge contact terminals 54 when energized. One terminal of the operating coil 52a is connected to the motor circuit at a point between the armatures 40 and 41 and the other terminal thereof is connected to the shunt circuit around the motors at a point between the resistors R12 and R13.

In Fig. 4, a master controller MC, embodying movable contact segments and 71 and contact fingers 69, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 and 60, is adapted to complete circuits from a battery B1 through the coils of the unit switches LS1 and 42 to 45, inclusive, in case the relays 46, 49 and 52 are deenergized when the controller is moved to positions a, b, c and 11.

With the system in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the dynamotors 1 and 2 may be operated by moving the controller M01 to position a, thus completin%a circuit from one terminal of the battery through contact terminals 17 and 18 of relay 14, contact finger 23, controller segment 21 and in parallel through the contact terminals 24 and 25 and the coils of the unit switches LS and 13 to the other terminal of the battery B. The unit switches LS and 13 are operated to complete a circuit from the trolley through the resistors R1 to R4, inclusive, Where the ,circuit divides, one branch passing through the dynamotors 1 and 2 to the ground and the other branch passing throu h the unit switch 13 and resistors R5 and 6 to round. By moving the master controller b, a, d and e, the unit switches 9, 10, Hand 12 are operated to successively exclude the resistors R1, R2, E3 and R4 from the circuit of the dynamotors l and '2.

In case the wheels attached to one of the dyna mctors slip, the potential applied across the termlnals of the other dynamotor is materially chan ed, the balanced voltage relation throug the coil of the'relay 14 is broken and the relay is operated to brid e contact terminals 19 and 20 and break the connection between the contact terminals 17 and 18. The breaking of the connection be-' tween the contact terminals 17 and -18 die connects the circuit from the battery B through the unit switches LS and 13. The

O1 successively to the positions loe necessary to describe bridging of the contact terminals 19 and is moved to the off position to break the circuit of the holding coil 16. Accordingly, whenever the driving wheels slip, which are connected to the dynamotor 1 or the dynamotor 2, the circuit of the dynamotors is broken and is maintained in this condition until the controller is moved to its ofi' position.

With the circuit in the position shown in Figs. 3 and 4 and relays46, 49 and 52 released, the motors 30 to 33, inclusive, may be operated by moving the master controller MC to position a, whereby a circuit is completed from one terminal of the battery B1 through contact terminals 47 of relay 46, contact terminals 50 of relay 49, contact tenninals 53 of relay 52, contact finger 55, controller segment 71 and contact fingers 56 and 57 and coils of the unit switches LS1 95 and 45 in parallel to the other terminal of the battery B1. The unit switches LS1 and 45 are operated and a circuit completed from the trolley through the resistors R7, R8 and R9 and the motors 30 to 33, inclusive, and the resistors R10 to R13, inclusive, in parallel to ground. In moving the master controller to positions b, a and d, the resistors R7, R8 and R9 are successively excluded from the circuit of the motors. In case the drivin wheels connected to any of the motors s ould slip, the voltage impressed upon the remaining motors will be changed and, accordingly, the balanced relation oi the voltage between the shunt circuit including the resistors R10 to B13, inclusive, and the circuit including the motors 30 to 33, inclusive, will be destroyed. Accordingly, one or more of the relays 46, 49 and 52 will be operated by reason of current passing through one or more of the 00115 46, 49 and 52'. Asthe relays 46, 49 and 52 are connected in parallel to the master controller MC and operate in a similar manner, it wlll the operation of only one of them. In case the relay 46 be operated, the connection between the contact terminals 47 -is broken and a circuit completed through the contact terminals 48. The breaking of the connection between the contact terminals 47 will disconnect the coils of the unit switches LS1 and 45 from the battery B1. The closing of contact term nals 48 will establis h\a holding circuit through the holding coil 46Nmd the contact 160 have been employed, with motors connected in series. Thus, in case the wheels connected to any set of motors skid, then an abnormally high voltage is applied across the terminals of the remaining motors, so'that,

in many cases, their windings are materially damaged. In asystem constructed in' accordance with my invention, the motors are disconnected from the sup ly circuit whenever the relative potential; applied across the various motor terminals vary.

Although I have illustrated my invention as embodied in certain specific systems, it is to be understood that it is applicable to systems having any number of motors connected in any manner to the axles of the vehicle.

I do not wish to be restricted-to the specific connections or arrangement of parts herein set forth, as various modifications in my invention maybe made without de rting from the spirit and scope thereof. desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a system of control, the combination with a plurality of electricmotors in seriescircuit relation and a plurality of resistors connected in shunt to the motors, of means connected between the resistors and the motor terminals for breaking the circuit of said motors in. case the relative potentials across the motor terminals vary. r

2. In a system of control, the combination -With asupply circuit a plurality of motors supply circuit, and a;

connected, across said plurality of RCCEIGI'EIIlIIg I'GSISjOIIB associated with the motors, of means for d sconnecting the motors from said supply circuit the relative potentials across the motor terminalsvary substantially and for preventing the operation thereof till the accelerating resistors ,are inserted in circuit there; with.

3. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit and a plurality of electric motors connwted in series acm said supply circuit and a plurality of resistors connected in shuntto the motors, of means connected between said resistors and the motor terminals for disconnecting said motors from the supp-1y circuit in case the relative potentials across the motor terminals vary substantially. f

4. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, a plurality of electric motors connected in series to said supply circuit, and a plurality of resistors connected in shunt around said motors, of means venting the operation of said motors till t on of'said motors, 0 means connected to said controller for automatically disconnecting the motor and the shunt circuits so with a supplycirouit, a plurality of motors connected in said supply circuit and a controller'tor governing o ation of said motors, of means connects to said controller for automatically disconnecting said motors from the supply circuit in case the relative potentials, moss the different motor terini-mils vary and for preventing the operation otthe motors til thecontroller is moved to the 08 position.

6. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, a plurality of electric motors connectedin; series to said supply circuit, and a plurality of accelerating resistors associated with said motors, of means for discomiecting the motors from the supply circuit in case the potential across the terminals of any motor is substantially varied relative to the potentials across the terminal of the other motor and for pre- 90 the resistors are inserted in circuit therewith. i

7. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, a plurality of motors connected in. series to' said supply circuit and a controller for governing the operation of said motors, .of meansfordiscom nectingsaid motors from the supply circuit in case the potential across the terminals of any motor is substantially varied relative to the potential across the terminals of the other motors and for reventing the operation of said motors til the control is moved to the oil position.

8. In a system of control, the combination 0 with a supply circuit, a plurality of motors connefited in series to said supply circuit. and afi ntroller for. overning the opera- 110 in'g said motors from the supply circuit in case the,relative potentials across the di-fierentmotor terminals vary and for preventing the operation of the motors till the controller is moved to the ofi position.

9. In system of control, the combination with a s pply circuit, a pluralit of motors connected in series to said sup y circuit, h to & as to be energized in case the relative potentials across the diflerent motors vary, and means operated severally b said rel s for disconnecting the motors rom the supply circuit. A

10. In a system of control, the combina; tion with a supply circuit, a plurality of motors connected in series to said supply circuit and a controller for governing the said motors,'and a plurality of relays bri operation of said meters, of a plurality of relays associated with said motors, and means for severally operating Said rela s to break the control circuits through tie controller in case the relative potentials across the dilferent motor terminals vary and for reventin the operation of the m0- tor till t 1e contro er is moved to the ofi position.

11. In a system of control, the combination with a line circuit, a plurality of motors, a plurality of resistors adjacently disposed and connected in series with said motors across the line circuit, and a plurality of auxiliary resistors connected in series with the first named resistors and in shunt to said motors, of relays for bridging the circuits of said auxiliary resistors and of said motors, and means controlled by said relays for breaking the motor circuit in case the relative potentials across the motor terminals vary substantially.

12. In a system of control, a supply circuit, a plurality of motors, resistors connected in series to said motors, a lurality of unit switches for connecting sai motors to the supply circuit and for short-circuiting said resistors, a controller for governing the operation of said unit switches "and a plurality of auxiliary resistors connected in a shunt circuit around saidmotors, apd a plurality of relays having the terminals thereof connected to the ground terminals of various motors and to points on said resistors so as the same are equi-potential when the relative potential changes through the various motors is constant, of means for severally operating said relays to disconnect said motors from the supply circuit in case the relative potential across the va rious motor terminals varies and for maintaining the same operated until the controller is moved to its off position.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 29th day of Feb 1916.

KARL A. SIMMON. 

